Private REITs vs Publicly Traded REITs (2024)

Learn the differences between the two types of REITs

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The article below covers private REITs vs publicly traded REITs. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) can be classified into either private or public, traded or non-traded. REITs specifically invest in the real estate sector, and they lease and collect rental income on the invested properties that is then distributed to shareholders as dividends.

Private REITs vs Publicly Traded REITs (1)

The concept of REITs was introduced in the 1960s with the amendment to the Cigar Excise Tax Extension. The amendment allowed investors to diversify their portfolios by investing in real estate portfolios that earned incomes from different types of properties such as apartment complexes, hotels, office premises, warehouses, data centers, and healthcare facilities, as well as infrastructure (such as energy pipelines and fiber cables).

What are Private REITs and How Do They Work?

Private REITs, also known as private placement REITs, are REITs that are exempted from registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933. It means that they are not regulated by the SEC, and their shares are not listed on public securities exchange markets such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Here are other characteristics of private REITs:

1. Availability of information

Since private REITs are not traded in stock markets, there is little to no public or independent performance data that investors can use to track the share price. Also, they are not regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, and hence, they are not required to file their annual financial statements with the federal agency. Only investors who have invested in private REITs can get performance information from internal sources.

2. Who can invest

The Securities Act of 1933 permits private REITs to sell securities to qualified institutional investors and accredited investors. Institutional investors are organizations that invest on behalf of their members and are assumed to have more specialized knowledge and, therefore, are able to protect themselves. They include pension funds, hedge funds, insurance companies, endowment funds, etc.

On the other hand, accredited investors are individual investors who are worth at least $1 million (excluding their primary residence), or have earned an annual income exceeding $200,000 over the previous two years.

3. Minimum investment

Private REITs offered to retail investors require a minimum initial investment of at least $10,000 to $100,000. However, the upfront cost requirements may vary from company to company.

4. Liquidity

Private REITs are not traded in public security exchanges, and are, therefore, not liquid. If an investor wants to pull out before a liquidation event, they must go through redemption programs for shares, which are either limited, non-existent, or subject to change. They differ from public REITs, which can be bought and sold with ease since they are traded on a public security exchange.

What are Publicly Traded Reits and How Do They Work?

Publicly traded REITs are regulated by the SEC, and they are traded in the major security exchanges. Individual investors can buy and sell shares of publicly-traded REITs on the public securities exchange such as the NYSE. Publicly traded REITs come with the following characteristics:

1. Availability of information

Since publicly traded REITs are traded in public securities exchanges, there is easy access to performance information about the shares of a public REIT. The information is provided by the company that owns and trades the REITs, as well as independent firms that actively analyze REITs.

Also, REITs are registered and regulated by the SEC, which requires them to file their audited financial statements with the regulatory body. Interested investors can then access the information on the SEC website.

2. Who can invest

Individual and institutional investors can buy and sell shares of a publicly-traded REIT with a minimum investment of one share and the current share offering price. When buying through brokers, investors are charged an upfront fee, and the fee would be the as same as they would pay in any other public REIT.

3. Minimum investment

The minimum investment for a publicly traded REIT is pretty modest. However, the initial investment may vary from company to company.

4. Liquidity

Investors can easily buy and sell shares of a publicly traded REIT at a relatively low price since the REITs are traded on the major securities exchanges. Shareholders can readily get in and exit the marketplace effortlessly, compared to private REITs, which are less liquid.

Summary of Private vs Publicly Traded REITs

Private REITsPublicly Traded REITs
Availability of InformationLittle to no public or independent performance data availableAudited financial statements filed with the SEC
Who can InvestQualified institutional investors and accredited investorsAny individual or institutional investor
Minimum InvestmentAt least $10,000 to $100,000Depends, usually $1,000 to about $2,500 per share
LiquidityIlliquidLiquid (shares can be easily bought and sold)

The decision of whether to invest in a private REIT or publicly traded REIT depends on the investor’s goals and risk tolerance level. For example, an investor looking for a more liquid investment would go for a publicly traded REIT since they can buy and sell its shares with relative ease in the securities exchange.

However, if the investor’s goal is to invest in a REIT that is not affected by the volatility of the stock market, private REITs would be a preferred choice.

Additional Resources

CFI is the official provider of the global certification program, designed to help anyone become a world-class financial analyst. To keep advancing your career, the additional CFI resources below will be useful:

  • Absorption Rate
  • UpREIT vs DownREIT
  • Cap Rate (REIT)
  • Residential Properties REITs
  • See all commercial lending resources
Private REITs vs Publicly Traded REITs (2024)

FAQs

Are publicly traded REITs better than private REITs? ›

While a public REIT that's sold like a stock on the broader exchanges can be bought or sold with relative ease, a private REIT is a limited partnership business. That means that capital invested in the private REIT needs to be non-essential since a redemption can be challenging – if allowed at all.

Why not invest in private REITs? ›

Private REITs, unlike their publicly traded counterparts, do not offer the same level of transparency and liquidity. Their prices are not updated daily on public exchanges but are instead reported quarterly or yearly.

What are the disadvantages of a private REIT? ›

Cons of Investing in a Private REIT

Moreover, private REITs are generally riskier investments compared to their publicly traded counterparts. They also may lack the same level of transparency, making it harder for investors to assess the underlying assets and the performance of the REIT.

What is the 90% rule for REITs? ›

How to Qualify as a REIT? To qualify as a REIT, a company must have the bulk of its assets and income connected to real estate investment and must distribute at least 90 percent of its taxable income to shareholders annually in the form of dividends.

What are the pros and cons of private REIT? ›

Private REITs are not traded on an exchange, which means that there are more restriction in who can invest in them. As such, they tend to be less liquid than public REITs since it can be difficult for investors to find buyers for their shares should they decide to sell.

What is one of the disadvantages of investing in a private REIT? ›

The risks associated with private REITs include liquidity, leverage, and management/company risk, and most are classified as medium-high to high risk.

What is the largest private REIT in the US? ›

BREIT is by far the largest private REIT, with a net asset value of $68 billion as of Nov. 30, 2022. Its biggest rival is Starwood Real Estate Income Trust, or SREIT, with a net asset value of $14 billion as of Nov. 30, 2022.

What happens to REITs when interest rates go down? ›

REITs. When interest rates are falling, dependable, regular income investments become harder to find. This benefits high-quality real estate investment trusts, or REITs. Strictly speaking, REITs are not fixed-income securities; their dividends are not predetermined but are based on income generated from real estate.

Can anyone invest in a private REIT? ›

Private REITs generally can be sold only to institutional investors, such as large pension funds, and/or to “Accredited Investors” generally defined as individuals with a net worth of at least $1 million (excluding primary residence) or with income exceeding $200,000 over two prior two years ($300,000 with a spouse).

Are REITs safe during a recession? ›

By law, a REIT must pay at least 90% of its income to its shareholders, providing investors with a passive income option that can be helpful during recessions. Typically, the upfront costs of investing in a REIT are low, while their risk-adjusted returns tend to be high.

What is the commission on a private REIT? ›

Subscription Fees: Charged for processing your investment, these can range from 0.5% to 2% of your investment amount. Acquisition Fees: To cover the costs associated with sourcing and acquiring real estate assets, Private REITs may charge fees that typically range from 1% to 3% of the property acquisition cost.

Why are REITs losing value? ›

Because REITs use debt to purchase investments, rising interest rates could mean these companies would have to pay more interest on future loans. This could in turn reduce their return on investment. Because of this, REITs could potentially lose value when interest rates rise.

What is the REIT 10 year rule? ›

The final regulations (i) provide a 10-year “transition rule” that grandfathers current structures, subject to certain requirements, and thus allows certain entities to continue to be treated as D-REITs for ten years and (ii) narrow the scope of the “look through” rule, pursuant to which REIT stock owned by certain ...

How long should I hold a REIT? ›

Is Five Years the Standard "Hold" Time for a Real Estate Investment? Real estate investment trusts (REITS) and other commercial property investment companies frequently target properties with a five-year outlook potential.

How much of my retirement should be in REITs? ›

“I recommend REITs within a managed portfolio,” Devine said, noting that most investors should limit their REIT exposure to between 2 percent and 5 percent of their overall portfolio. Here again, a financial professional can help you determine what percentage of your portfolio you should allocate toward REITs, if any.

Are private REITs good? ›

One significant advantage of investing in a private REIT is its correlation has been historically low to the markets—the price of private REIT units is solely based on the actual appraised value of the real estate holdings, which generally translates to a lack of fluctuation in response to public market volatility.

How are public and private REIT valuations different? ›

Valuation. As public REIT units are listed on a public stock exchange, they are valuated much more frequently than is typical from their private counterparts. For example, in contrast to a public REIT 's daily valuation on the stock market, private REIT s may undergo valuation once per year.

What is the difference between a non-traded REIT and a private REIT? ›

While non-traded REITs are required to register with and be regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), private REITs are not. Both REITs are not directly affected by stock market volatility because they don't trade on any national stock exchanges.

Are public REITs a good investment? ›

Are REITs Good Investments? Investing in REITs is a great way to diversify your portfolio outside of traditional stocks and bonds and can be attractive for their strong dividends and long-term capital appreciation.

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